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Leptanilla japonica
''Leptanilla japonica'' is an uncommon〔Ogata, Kazuo, Mamoru Terayama, and Keiichi Masuko. "The Ant Genus Leptanilla: Discovery of the Worker-associated Male of L. Japonica, and a Description of a New Species from Taiwan (Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Leptanillinae)." Systematic Entomology 20 (1995): 27-34. Internet Archive. Web. Apr. 2011. ant found in Japan.〔Masuko, K. "Behavior and Ecology of the Enigmatic Ant Leptanilla Japonica Baroni Urbani (Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Leptanillinae." Insectes Sociaux, Paris 37.1 (1990): 31-57. Antbase.org. American Museum of Natural History and Ohio State University. Web. insects, with workers measuring about 1.2 mm and queens reaching to about 1.8 mm, and live in very small colonies of only a few hundred individuals at a time〔 (as compared to the 60,000 to 20,000,000 individuals of legionary ant colonies.〔Masuko, K. "Larval Hemolymph Feeding in the Ant Leptanilla Japonica by Use of a Specialized Duct Organ, the "larval Hemolymph Tap" (Hymenoptera : Formicidae)." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 24.2 (1989): 127-32. JSTOR. Web. 26 Mar. 2011. migration and feeding habits, and vice versa. ''L. japonica'' exhibits specialized predation, with prey consisting mainly of geophilomorph centipedes, a less reliable food source that also contributes to their high rate of nest migration.〔〔 Like ants of genera ''Amblyopone'' and ''Proceratium'',〔 the ''Leptanilla'' genus engages in larval hemolymph feeding (LHF), with the queen using no other form of sustenance.〔 LHF is an advantageous alternative to the more costly cannibalism. Unlike any other ant, however, members of ''Leptanilla'', including ''L. japonica'', have evolved a specialized organ dubbed the “larval hemolymph tap” that reduces the damage LHF inflicts on the larvae. LHF has become this species' main form of nutrition.〔
== Taxonomy ==
The genus ''Leptanilla'' belongs to the subfamily Leptanillinae along with about 30 other known species. Leptanillines were once classified as a tribe of Dorylinae, the subfamily of Old World driver ants. They were raised to subfamily status upon further examination of their unusual larval morphology〔
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